ONLINE PAPER PUBLISHING - Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025

All listed papers are published after full consent of respective author or co-author(s).
For any discussion on research subject or research matter, the reader should directly contact the undersigned authors.

Authors: CHAHUL, E.S., AYE ,G.C. AYOOLA, J.B.

Abstracts: This study analyzed effects of public spends on livestock sub-sector output and its implication for poverty reduction in Nigeria, using time series annual data from 1980 to 2017. The analysis was based on trend, growth, ARDL models and examined both long and short-run effects. The trend showed the results on fluctuations in variables like public spending, livestock sub-sector output and inflation. The growth model revealed that public spending (0.0024) accelerated, while livestock output (-0.0002) and inflation rate (-0.00012) decelerated. The Bounds test confirmed a long-run relationship between agricultural spending and livestock output (F-value of 5.004 at 5% significance). The ARDL model showed that public spending negatively affected livestock output (-0.018%) in the short run but positively impacted (0.083%) in the long run. Livestock output also significantly influenced poverty, with coefficients of 4.148 (short run) and 3.019 (long run) respectively. The study concluded that those public spendings significantly affected of livestock output in Nigeria. It was recommended that Maputo Agreement should be implemented, offering training and low-interest loans to livestock farmers, and encouraging entrepreneurship to maximize benefits of agricultural spends in Nigeria.

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Pages: 01-18

Cite this Article: CHAHUL, E.S., AYE ,G.C. AYOOLA, J.B. , "ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF PUBLIC SPENDINGS ON LIVESTOCK SUBSECTOR OUTPUTS IN NIGERIA (1980-2017): IMPLICATIONS FOR POVERTY REDUCTION", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 01-18 #JAEES

Authors: ACHIAGA, I. C., OGEBE, F. O. OCHALIBE, A. I.

Abstracts: The study analysed effects of forestry, fisheries, and livestock products on economic growth in Nigeria from 1990-2020. Data for the study were collected from Secondary source especially from the Central Bank of Nigeria and World Bank. Data for the study were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The Augmented Dickey Fuller test for stationarity showed that, the variables such asu livestock, forestry, fishery, GDP were stationary at level 1%, therefore no differencing was required. Trend model result showed positive trend for livestock over time (0.307664), with R2 of 0.984 and F-test of 1247.12, significant at 1%. Trend for forestry was also positive over time (0.2256403), with R2 of 0.964 and F-statistics of 557.75 significant at 1%. Trend for fishery was positive over time (0.3153062) with R2 of 0.690, and F-statistics of 28.94 significant at 1%. Trend for GDP was positive (0.1051827), with R2 of 0.635 and Fstatistics of 34.90 significant at 1%. Trend for aggregate agricultural output was positive (0.0715521) with R2 of 0.911 and F-statistics of 207.11, significant at 1%. Fully modified OLS result on the effect of livestock, fisheries, forestry produce on economic growth in Nigeria showed that livestock (-25.70204) and forestry (238.5096) were all statistically significant at 10% and 1%, respectively. F-statistics of 53.78 showed joint significance at 1%. Ramsey Reset coefficient of 4.34 was significant at 1% indicating no error of omission. Breauch-Pagan test coefficient of 9.67 was significant at 1% indicating variables were homoscedastic with constant variance. Breusch-Godfrey test of 17.322 was significant at 1% indicating no serial correlation among variables. The study concludes that, livestock and forestry had significant effect on economic growth. It was recommended that; Government should give attention to the aggregate sectors (livestock, forestry, fisheries) so as to enhance a positive growth.

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Pages: 19-30

Cite this Article: ACHIAGA, I. C., OGEBE, F. O. OCHALIBE, A. I. , "ANALYSIS OF EFFECTS OF FORESTRY, FISHERIES AND LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA (1990-2020).", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 19-30 #JAEES

Authors: NWITE, C.O., SHUAIB, A.U., ESHAYA, C.E. UCHA, S.O.

Abstracts: This study was conducted to assess perceived Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on rice production among rice farmers in Ebonyi State, Nigeria. A total Sample size of 144 respondents was purposively selected from 8 rural communities of 2 Local Government Areas of the State. The Local Government Areas were Ohaukwu and Ezza North. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentages, mean and standard deviation. The result of the analysis revealed that reduction in rice production (x=3.76), shortage of labour (x=3.49), reduction in the supply of rice produce (x=3.40), among others were the major effects of COVID-19 on rice production. Moreso, the result showed that reliance on family and friends for labour (x=2.54), reliance on self labour (x=2.53), selling of agricultural produce in village markets and roadside (x=2.52), and diversification to off-farm activities in order to get income (x=2.51) were the adaptation strategies of rice farmers to the effects of COVID-19 pandemic. Also, inadequate fund to procure inputs (x=2.55), poor supply of input for rice production (x=2.54), scarcity of labour for rice production (x=2.53), among others were the major constraints of rice farmers during COVID-19 pandemic. The study recommends that rural rice farmers should learn to adopt to outbreak of future pandemic.

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Pages: 31-44

Cite this Article: NWITE, C.O., SHUAIB, A.U., ESHAYA, C.E. UCHA, S.O. , "ASSESSMENT OF PERCEIVED EFFECTS OF CORONA VIRUS DISEASE PANDEMIC ON RICE PRODUCTION AMONG RURAL RICE FARMERS IN EBONYI STATE, NIGERIA", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 31-44 #JAEES

Authors: ADAIGHO, D. OYEM, A.

Abstracts: Food security remains a critical challenge in Nigeria, particularly in Delta State, where agricultural productivity is low compare to population growth. Despite being endowed with fertile land and abundant water resources, Delta State faces numerous obstacles in achieving food security. This paper explores the multifaceted challenges that impede food security. Issues such as inadequate infrastructure, limited access to finance for smallholder farmers, adverse impact of climate change, policy inconsistencies, and socio-economic challenges significantly hinder attainment of food security. Foodrelated policies at the State and National levels often lack coherence, leading to inefficiencies in resource allocation and programmes implementation. Notably, the reliance on subsistence farming exacerbates food insecurity, as many farmers cannot meet their nutritional needs or achieve sufficient incomes. Despite ongoing food security alleviation programmes like National Food Security Programme and the Anchor Borrowers' Programme, substantial gaps remain in their effectiveness. The study concludes that achieving food security in Nigeria requires a comprehensive approach to address infrastructure deficits, improve financial access, and enhance climate resilience and fostering collaboration among various stakeholders among others. Key recommendations include enhancement of rural infrastructure, fostering greater access to financial services, promoting climate-resilient practices, and improving coordination among agricultural policies. Furthermore, leveraging technology and strengthening community engagement are vital for resilience in the agricultural sector.

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Pages: 45-61

Cite this Article: ADAIGHO, D. OYEM, A. , "CHALLENGES OF PROMOTING FOOD SECURITY IN DELTA STATE, NIGERIA: KEY STRATEGIES FOR EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 45-61 #JAEES

Authors: SHUAIB A.U., NWITE, C.O. EPHRAIM, S.C.

Abstracts: This study was conducted to assess adoption strategies adopted among yam farmers during COVID-19 pandemic in Taraba State. A total sample size of 120 respondents was randomly selected from 8 rural communities of 4 Local Government Areas of the State. The Local Government Areas were Wukari, Ibi, Zing and Yorro. Data were collected from primary source using Structured questionnaire. The collected data were analysed using frequency and percentages, mean score, standard deviation and factor analysis. The result of the analysis revealed that majority (84.4%) of the respondents in Taraba State had one form of formal education or the other about 65% of the respondents had 6-10 persons in their households. Furthermore, planting few tubers during planting season (x=2.83), seeking the help of family members in farm labour (x=2.88) and rearing of small livestock (x=2.71) were some of the adaptation strategies employed by the respondents during the pandemic. Also, high cost of labour (0.83), government policies on COVID-19 were not well publicized (0.90) and poor access to farm credit (0.55) were some of the constraints experienced by the respondents during the pandemic. The study recommends that authorities should support farmers in value addition and product diversification to mitigate market disruptions and enhance income generation.

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Pages: 62-77

Cite this Article: SHUAIB A.U., NWITE, C.O. EPHRAIM, S.C. , "ASSESSMENT OF ADAPTATION STRATEGIES ADOPTED AMONG YAM FARMERS DURING CORONA VIRUS DISEASE PANDEMIC IN TARABA STATE, NIGERIA", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 62-77 #JAEES

Authors: WILLIAMS, P.G; SA'ADU, M ; EGBEADUMAH, M. O. JOLLY, A.

Abstracts: This study analysed WhatsApp as an Emerging Platform for Innovative Extension Service delivery among small scale Rice Farmers in Wukari Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to collect primary data from 107 small scale rice farmers through a well-structured questionnaire. The Ordinary Least Square (OLS) results shows cost of WhatsApp social media (X ), gender 1 (X ), age (X ), farming experience (X ) and educational level (X ) were the significant 2 3 6 7 variables influencing farmers' adoption of WhatsApp. Test of hypothesis shows that there was significant association (P > 0.05) between the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents and the utilization of WhatsApp for extension service access in the study area. Also, 65.4% of the respondents were males, 84.1% had tertiary education, 82.2% had smart phone, 95.3% had no access to steady network services, 93.5% lacked ability to effectively operate smart phone. The study indicated that 97.2% had no access to constant electricity supply, and 82.2 % had no active whatsApp page. Furthermore, 51.41% identified WhatsApp platform as the most frequently used, 72% had experiences in accessing agricultural information through WhatsApp, 90.7% identified activities of online scammers/yahoo boys as a major reason for not utilizing WhatsApp, 87.5 lacked access to internet coverage, 87.9 identified been computer illiterate as a reason for not using WhatsApp, while 93.5% did not used WhatsApp in the last 12 months more than 20 times. The study further rankedt increased online criminal activities as a major (1st) constraint, ranked high cost (2nd) of smart phones as a major constraint and ranked 3rd inadequate awareness about the use of WhatsApp platform for agricultural information dissemination. The study concluded that there was lack of access to the WhatsApp platform among rice farmers and recommended that the cost of smart phones for agricultural extension service delivery through whatsApp should be subsided by the government for small scale rice farmers.

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Pages: 78-91

Cite this Article: WILLIAMS, P.G; SA'ADU, M ; EGBEADUMAH, M. O. JOLLY, A. , "ANALYSIS OF WHATSAPP AS AN EMERGING PLATFORM FOR INNOVATIVE EXTENSION SERVICE USAGE AMONG SMALL SCALE RICE FARMERS IN WUKARI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, TARABA STATE, NIGERIA", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 78-91 #JAEES

Authors: ADI, A. Z., DIBAH, J.B. SA'AD, M.

Abstracts: The study analysed organizational climate and job performance of Agricultural Development Programmes Extension Agents in the North-East, Nigeria. The Population of this study consisted of all agricultural Extension agents of ADPs in the North East, Nigeria. A total sample size of 202 respondents was selected randomly. Primary data were obtained from 202 extension agents using structured questionnaire. Combination of multistage, purposive and random sampling methods were used to select extension agents. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The results revealed that 37.6% acknowledged awareness of the reward system, 17.8% were aware of decision centralization, 11.8% recognized the emphasis on achievement, 9.4% were conscious of the organization's openness, 8.8% were familiar with task structure, while 6.9% and 5.0% were aware of training and organizational flexibility, respectively. The following explanatory variables: Decision (p < 0.01), Achievement (p < 0.01), Training/Development (p < 0.01) and Security (p < 0.01) had significantly influenced extension agents' job performance. Moreso, Increase in work load (Mean=3.41), inadequate funding (Mean= 3.11), inadequate incentives (Mean=3.13), inadequate education resource ( Mean= 3.17), inadequate credit facilities ( Mean = 3.17) and inadequate personnel motivation (Mean =3.81), were found to be the most significant constraints affecting extension agents' job-related performance. In order to enhance performance, the following recommendations were made: Shift from centralized decision-making to a more decentralized approach that empowers extension agents to make decisions at their level. This will enhance responsiveness and field-level problemsolving; develop and implement ongoing training programs that address specific skill gaps and emerging agricultural trends to improve agents' adaptability and effectiveness.

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Pages: 92-104

Cite this Article: ADI, A. Z., DIBAH, J.B. SA'AD, M. , "ANALYSIS OF ORGANIZATIONAL CLIMATE AND JOB PERFORMANCE OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMS' EXTENSION AGENTS IN THE NORTHEAST, NIGERIA", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 92-104 #JAEES

Authors: OKRINGBO, J.I. CHUKUIGWE, O.

Abstracts: Post-harvest losses represent a significant challenge for vegetable farmers in Bayelsa State, Nigeria, contributing to reduced income, food insecurity and resources wastage. This study assessed post-harvest losses, information needs of vegetable farmers and evaluates the quantity and monetary value of vegetable losses across three agricultural zones in the State. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive statistics and ANOVA. The findings revealed that the most critical areas of information needs include market access and pricing (x=3.66, SD = 0.54), storage (x=3.55, SD = 0.63), and processing methods (x=3.52, SD = 0.60). Transportation and credit availability were of moderate importance. ANOVA results showed no statistically significant differences in vegetable losses among the three agricultural zones (F = 0.498, p > 0.05), suggesting relatively uniform loss patterns across the zones. However, posthoc analysis indicates higher average losses in Zone 3. These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to address key areas of information gaps and infrastructure deficiencies, thereby reducing post-harvest losses and improving livelihoods in Bayelsa State.

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Pages: 105-114

Cite this Article: OKRINGBO, J.I. CHUKUIGWE, O. , "ASSESSMENT OF POST-HARVEST LOSSES' INFORMATION NEEDS OF VEGETABLE FARMERS IN BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 105-114 #JAEES

Authors: BARTHOLOMEW, B., LA'AH, D. MAKARAU, S.B.

Abstracts: Yam (Dioscorea spp.) is an energetic crop in Nigeria, contributing significantly to food security, income generation and cultural identity. Despite its importance, small-holder yam farmers in Zangon-Kataf Local Government Area (LGA), Kaduna State, face persistent food insecurity challenges, due to socio-economic, institutional and environmental factors. This study analyzes these factors, focusing on food security indicators like Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and Food Consumption Score (FCS). The research employs a mixed-methods approach, integrating quantitative survey and qualitative interviews, to explore the socioeconomic characteristics of farmers, institutional barriers such as access to credit and extension services, and adaptive strategies like crop diversification and soil management practices. Findings revealed that income, education and farming experience significantly influenced food security, while constraints such as limited access to resources and climate change impacts exacerbate vulnerabilities. The study recommended the role of adaptive farming techniques, including the use of droughtresistant yam varieties and mixed cropping, in mitigating food insecurity. It stresses the need for targeted interventions to enhance institutional support, improve resource access and promote sustainable farming practices among small-holder farmers. Other recommendations include, policy reforms to address gender disparities, expand credit facilities and strengthen agricultural extension services to build resilience against socio-economic and environmental challenges.

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Pages: 115-129

Cite this Article: BARTHOLOMEW, B., LA'AH, D. MAKARAU, S.B. , "FACTORS INFLUENCING FOOD SECURITY AMONG SMALL-HOLDER YAM FARMERS IN ZANGON-KATAF LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 115-129 #JAEES

Authors: LA'AH, D., MAKARAU, S.B., BARTHOLOMEW, B. IDRISS, A.K.

Abstracts: Agricultural technology represents a transformative force, integrating scientific knowledge, tools and innovations to enhance productivity, efficiency and sustainability within farming systems. From its historical roots in traditional practices to the mechanized and digital advancements of today, the evolution of agricultural technology has reshaped how food is cultivated, processed and distributed. Mechanized tools, biotechnology and digital platforms have significantly improved yields, resource management, and resilience, contributing to food security and economic growth. However, challenges such as cost barriers, infrastructural deficits and cultural resistance hinder equitable access, particularly for smallholder farmers. Institutions such as the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) and River Basin Development Authorities (RBDA) have played pivotal roles in promoting research and innovation in Nigeria. Genetically modified crops like Bt cotton and digital tools like Farm-Crowdy exemplify the sector's potential to revolutionize farming practices. Yet, the uneven distribution of technology, especially in rural areas, highlights the need for inclusive policies, robust extension services and infrastructure development to bridge gaps in adoption and diffusion. Empowering women and youth in agriculture through labour-saving technologies and tailored interventions is critical for achieving sustainable and inclusive growth. Digital tools and precision agriculture further enable data-driven decision-making, optimizing inputs and reducing environmental impacts. Climate-smart technologies such as drought-resistant crops and renewable energy solutions, address sustainability and climate change challenges, fostering resilience and reducing operational costs. While agricultural technologies offer immense opportunities for improving livelihoods and food security, its full potential can only be realized through targeted efforts to ensure accessibility, adaptability to indigenous contexts and equitable distribution. By addressing these barriers, agricultural systems could achieve greater productivity, resilience and sustainability, supporting global efforts to combat hunger, poverty and environmental degradation.

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Pages: 130-145

Cite this Article: LA'AH, D., MAKARAU, S.B., BARTHOLOMEW, B. IDRISS, A.K. , "AN OVERVIEW OF EMERGING TRENDS IN AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION SYSTEMS IN NIGERIA", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 130-145 #JAEES

Authors: GARBA, M., ABUBAKAR, U., ABDULLAHI, S., YUSHA'U, I. I., BABAJI, A.U. MOHAMMED, A.M.

Abstracts: The study assessed effects of flood disaster on yields and income of small-scale maize farmers in Gombe State, Nigeria. A multi stage sampling technique was used in selecting 172 respondents. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as mean, frequency, percentage and paired t-test, respectively. The study revealed that majority (77.9%), of the respondents were producing crops and owned their land through inheritance (66.9%),with average yield and income of 9 bags and ₦468,756, respectively. Less than half (48.3%) and 38.4% of the respondents experienced flood disaster for a period of 1-2 years and 3-4 years, respectively. Majority (61.6%) of the respondents indicated that flood disaster occurs annually with destruction of farm produce as the major (95.9%) damage. The result further indicates a significant difference (P<0.001) in maize yield (9 bags) and income (₦583,308.12) before and after flooding. The major constraints to mitigating the effect of the disaster in the study area were, poor government intervention (85.5%), inadequate diversification opportunities (58.7%) and lack of insurance cover (52.3%), which were ranked 1st, 2nd, and 3rd ,respectively. The study concluded that flood disaster had negative effects on yields and income of the respondents. It was recommended that farmers should be encouraged to participate in agricultural extension services, which will educate them on the effects of climate change and adaptation strategies such as insurance cover. Multi-sectoral approach to flood mitigation as opposed to single sector should be promoted as there are inter-linkages in terms of flood impact on various aspects of the society.

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Pages: 146-158

Cite this Article: GARBA, M., ABUBAKAR, U., ABDULLAHI, S., YUSHA'U, I. I., BABAJI, A.U. MOHAMMED, A.M. , "EFFECTS OF FLOOD DISASTER ON YIELDS AND INCOME OF SMALLSCALE MAIZE FARMERS IN GOMBE STATE, NIGERIA", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 146-158 #JAEES

Authors: GWAMIS, A.A., AGE, A.I. UNONGO, E.A.

Abstracts: A survey was conducted to assess effects of post-harvest losses of cereal crop produce on rural farmers in Bauchi and Adamawa States, Nigeria. The population for the study consisted of all cereal crop farmers in Bauchi and Adamawa States. A multistage sampling procedure was adopted in obtaining 128 respondents as sample size for the study. Data for the study were collected using structured questionnaire. Data for the study were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The causes of postharvest losses of cereal crop produce showed that the major causes were: pest and disease infestation (x= 2.74), pre-mature harvesting (x= 2.67), lack of Extension service delivery (x– 2.50), lack of agro-based industries (x= 2.52) and poor storage facilities (x=2.52). The result showed that there was no significant difference between Bauchi and Adamawa States (P>0.05) in terms of effects of post-harvest losses of cereal crop produce on rural farmers. Thus Hcal. (6.5) < x2tab (11.07) at 0.05 level of probability. Factor analysis identified two major constraints to control of post-harvest losses of cereal crop produce in Bauchi and Adamawa State, namely: socio-economic constraints (Factor 1) and administrative constraints (Factor 2). It was therefore recommended that farmers should be taught improved methods of controlling post-harvest losses of cereal crop produce and they should be educated on strategies for mitigating the effects of postharvest losses of cereal crop produce.

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Pages: 159-166

Cite this Article: GWAMIS, A.A., AGE, A.I. UNONGO, E.A. , "ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTS OF POST-HARVEST LOSSES OF SELECTED CEREAL CROP PRODUCE ON RURAL FARMERS IN BAUCHI AND ADAMAWA STATES, NIGERIA.", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 159-166 #JAEES

Authors: SALAMI, D.O., IKEORAH, N.N., *ISIEKWENE, A.C., EKE, S.I., EKEOCHA, E.C., INANA, M.E., OGODO, C.O., AKAH, C.I., CHIME, S.C. ODIBE, M.C.

Abstracts: Dried meat contains nutrients that encourage the growth of microorganisms. The objective of this survey was to ascertain the socio-economic characteristics of the dried meat consumers and the knowledge, attitude and practices of dried meat consumers in Port Harcourt Metropolis. A descriptive survey design was adopted for this study. A total of 150 dried meat consumers were purposively selected and interviewed. Data were collected using structured questionnaire and analysed using descriptive statistics like mean, frequencies and percentages. The result on demographic characteristics of the respondents revealed that 29.33% of respondents were within the ages of 31 – 45years, with 52.67% being females and 50.00% being widows. Majority (93.34%) of the respondents had formal education. About 28.00% of the respondents earned annual income of ₦31,000 to ₦60,000. Besides, 31.33% were civil servants with a small percentage (7.33%) of the respondents were unemployed. The study showed a high percentage level of knowledge, attitude and good practices towards dried meat consumption, although the study showed that a small proportion followed good hygiene practices. Higher levels of education as recorded in this study, is likely to equip individuals with better understanding and awareness of food safety practices, thus choices towards dried meat consumption. This study recommends that services of food hygiene and environmental health officers should be employed to promote or increase awareness of dried meat hygiene through enforcement of hygienic methods of preparation and consumption.

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Pages: 167-184

Cite this Article: SALAMI, D.O., IKEORAH, N.N., *ISIEKWENE, A.C., EKE, S.I., EKEOCHA, E.C., INANA, M.E., OGODO, C.O., AKAH, C.I., CHIME, S.C. ODIBE, M.C. , "EVALUATION OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDS AND PRACTICES OF SUNDRIED MEAT CONSUMPTION AMONGST CONSUMERS IN PORT HARCOURT METROPOLIS, RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 167-184 #JAEES

Authors: TAVERSHIMA, T., AYE, G. C. BIAM, C. K.

Abstracts: The study analyzed the impact of agricultural financing on crop value chain in Nigeria. The data covering the period 1981 to 2021 were used in this study. Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) was used for the analysis of the data. The DOLS result on the impact of agricultural financing on Crop Value Chain (CRVC) revealed that Agricultural Credit (AC) had a positive and significant impact (0.3375, p= 0.010) on CRVC. Robustness check with Fully Modified Least Squares (F – MOLS) and Canonical Co – integrating Regression (CCR) analysis produced quantitatively similar results, thus validating the long – run relationship. The study concluded that there was a significant relationship between agricultural financing and crop value chain. Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations were made. The government should provide sufficient funding for the domestic agro-processing sector to enable Nigeria to achieve a favorable trade balance in agricultural business. This approach would mitigate the nation's excessive dependence on imported food, thereby enhancing self-sufficiency, boosting exports, and accelerating the economic growth rate of agricultural production. Furthermore, the government should commit to a consistent increase in subsidies, facilitate access to credit at low interest rates, and allocate appropriate budgetary resources to the agricultural sector to promote higher agricultural output and sustainable economic development. It is crucial to closely monitor budget allocations to ensure they align with established targets. Additionally, the government should implement training programs aimed at improving the value chains of essential crops. Lastly, the government must ensure the development of an adequate rural road network to facilitate the swift transportation of inputs and outputs, provide reliable power for processing and storage and establish irrigation systems to guarantee year-round production and income stability.

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Pages: 185-200

Cite this Article: TAVERSHIMA, T., AYE, G. C. BIAM, C. K. , "ANALYSIS OF IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL FINANCING ON CROP VALUE CHAIN IN NIGERIA (1981 – 2021)", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 185-200 #JAEES

Authors: MUKHTAR, U., ADAMU, Y., WUDIL, A. H. ORIFAH, M. O.

Abstracts: This study analysed determinants of farmers' willingness to pay for improved irrigation water under TRIMING project in Hadejia Valley Irrigation Scheme, Jigawa State. Multistage sampling procedure was used in selecting 244 respondents as sample size. Data were collected from primary sources using questionnaire, and were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics based on Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). The study reveals that the average age of irrigation rice farmer was 38 years old, with 15 years of farming experience, predominantly male (57.3%) and married (67.50%), and had a household size of 9 persons. The findings reveals that a significant portion of respondents (47.83%) had tertiary education, and the majority (57.4%) had access to credit facilities. The average size of irrigable land was 1.0 hectare, and the mean maximum willingness to pay (WTP) was ₦33,387.40 per acre per season. The determinants of farmers' maximum WTP for irrigation water included household size, educational level, off-farm income, credit accessibility, frequency of extension contact, and paddy rice yield. The study recommended among others that, it is crucial to review the existing pricing structure to better reflect the economic value of irrigation water in the study area. This can be achieved by creating a fair and transparent pricing framework that remains affordable for farmers. Besides, considering the factors influencing farmers' willingness to pay (WTP) for irrigation water is an essential initial step in designing and implementing an improved irrigation water supply system.

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Pages: 201-219

Cite this Article: MUKHTAR, U., ADAMU, Y., WUDIL, A. H. ORIFAH, M. O. , "DETERMINANTS OF FARMERS' WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR IMPROVED IRRIGATION WATER UNDER TRANSFORMING IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT IN NIGERIA PROJECT IN HADEJIA VALLEY IRRIGATION SCHEME, JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA.", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 201-219 #JAEES

Authors: TAVERSHIMA, T., AYOOLA, J. B. BIAM, C. K.

Abstracts: The study analyzed impact of agricultural financing on food security in Nigeria. The data covering the period 1981 to 2021 were used in this study. Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS) was employed for the analysis of the data. Fully Modify Ordinary Least Squares (FMOLS) and Canonical Co-integration Regression (CCR) testing techniques were used as robustness check in the process of estimating the model. The DOLS results impact of agricultural financing on food security (FS) revealed that Government Expenditure on Agriculture (GEA) had a negative impact (-0.382) on FS. Quantitatively, F-MOLS and CCR produced similar results. DOLS results also revealed that crop value chain (CRVC) had a positive (0.713) impact on FS, exchange rate (EXCHR) had a positive (0.209) impact on FS while inflation rate (INFR) has a negative (-0.300) impact on FS. The study concluded that agricultural financing had a significant impact on food security in Nigeria. Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations were made: The Government should enhance and allocate financial resources to the agricultural sector to improve agricultural productivity and ensure food security in Nigeria. It is essential for the Government to foster a favorable lending environment for investments related to agriculture. Regulatory authorities in the financial sector should mandate commercial banks to allocate a designated portion of their loans and advances to the agricultural sector, under more flexible conditions, to attract potential investors. Besides, farmers are encouraged to explore alternative financing options, such as agricultural insurance schemes and farmers' cooperatives. Furthermore, the government should increase and maintain financing for crop value chains to enhance food production, processing and marketing, thereby improving food security in the nation. Lastly, the Government, through the Central Bank of Nigeria, should focus on achieving a stable exchange rate for the Nigeria currency (Naira) to mitigate high inflation rates and import costs, ultimately boosting agricultural productivity and food security.

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Pages: 220-236

Cite this Article: TAVERSHIMA, T., AYOOLA, J. B. BIAM, C. K. , "ANALYSIS OF IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL FINANCING ON FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA (1981 – 2021): A DYNAMIC ORDINARY LEAST SQUARES APPROACH.", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 220-236 #JAEES

Authors: ORIFAH, M. O., NTAM, S. N., MUKTAR, B. G., MAKINTA, U., ZAKARI, F. S. YUSUF, K.B.

Abstracts: This study assessed effectiveness of noma da igantaccen iri agricultural radio programme on freedom radio (99.5 FM) among rice farmers in ADP Zone 1, Jigawa State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to select a sample size of 137 respondents, and data were collected using structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, Pearson Product Moment Correlation (PPMC), Chi-square tests, and Problem Confrontation Index (PCI) were employed for data analysis. The results revealed that the respondents had an average age of 45 years, majority (97.8%) were males, majority (90%) were married and 74% had attained at least primary education. Respondents had an average of 16.64 years of farming experience, with most (67.9%) of the respondents earning between a ₦1,000,000 or less annually. The average farm size was 1.33 hectares. Awareness of the contents of the radio programme was high with over 90% ratings for all contents. Besides, majority (92%) of the respondents listened to the programme, with 45.3% indicating regular listenership. The perceived effectiveness was moderate (51.1%). Constraints to listenership included poor feedback mechanisms (PCI= 153), contradictory information (PCI = 146), and unnecessary interludes (PCI =143). Furthermore, the study found a statistically significant positive correlation between awareness and perceived effectiveness (r = 0.375, p = 0.00) and a significant relationship between listenership and perceived effectiveness (χ² = 9.381, p = 0.002). The study recommends enhancing the programmes contents, implementing interactive feedback mechanisms, improving signal quality, and aligning broadcast schedules with farmers' needs to optimise engagement and effectiveness.

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Pages: 237-249

Cite this Article: ORIFAH, M. O., NTAM, S. N., MUKTAR, B. G., MAKINTA, U., ZAKARI, F. S. YUSUF, K.B. , "ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTIVENESS OF AGRICULTURAL RADIO PROGRAMME ON FREEDOM RADIO AMONG RICE FARMERS IN JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA", Journal of Agricultural Economics, Extension and Science (JAEES), http://www.JAEES.org/online-papers-publishing/new/May2025, Volume 11 - Issue 2, March, 2025, 237-249 #JAEES